R32 (Difluoromethane) is a single-component HFC (Hydrofluorocarbon) refrigerant with the chemical formula CH2F2.
It is increasingly used as a next-generation replacement for R410A in air conditioning and heat pump systems due to its superior energy efficiency and lower environmental impact.
General Characteristics
- Environmental Impact: It has zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP = 0) and a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 675, which is approximately 68% lower than that of R410A.
- Energy Efficiency: R32 has excellent heat transfer properties and high thermal conductivity, allowing systems to deliver higher cooling and heating performance with lower energy consumption.
- Single Component: Unlike blended refrigerants (like R410A), R32 is a pure substance. It has Zero Temperature Glide, meaning its composition remains stable during leaks, and it can be easily topped up or recharged.
- Flammability Class: Classified as A2L (Mildly Flammable). While it is difficult to ignite, it requires specific safety tools and professional training for installation and service.
- Charge Amount: Systems using R32 typically require about 30% less refrigerant charge compared to equivalent R410A systems.
Technical Specifications
| Property | Value |
| Chemical Name | Difluoromethane |
| Molecular Weight | 52.02 g/mol |
| Boiling Point (at 1 atm) | -51.7 °C (-61.1 °F) |
| Critical Temperature | 78.1 °C (172.6 °F) |
| Critical Pressure | 57.8 bar (838.3 psia) |
| Liquid Density (at 25°C) | 961 kg/m³ |
| Vapor Pressure (at 25°C) | 16.9 bar (245.1 psia) |
| Safety Classification (ASHRAE) | A2L |
Typical Applications
- Residential and commercial split air conditioners.
- Air-to-water heat pumps.
- Rooftop units and multi-split HVAC systems.