R407C is a zeotropic HFC (Hydrofluorocarbon) refrigerant blend developed to serve as a primary replacement for R22 in air conditioning and heat pump systems. It is a mixture of three components: R32 (23%), R125 (25%), and R134a (52%).
General Characteristics
- Environmental Profile: It has zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP = 0) and a moderate Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 1774.
- Safety Classification: Rated as A1 by ASHRAE, meaning it is non-toxic and non-flammable.
- Temperature Glide: Unlike azeotropic blends, R407C has a significant temperature glide (approximately 4.4 K to 7 K). This means the components evaporate and condense at different temperatures, requiring systems to be charged in the liquid phase to maintain the correct mixture.
- Lubrication: It is not compatible with mineral oil or alkylbenzene oil. It requires POE (Polyolester) synthetic lubricants.
- Replacement Use: It is a common “retrofit” gas for existing R22 systems, although it requires an oil change and sometimes adjustments to expansion valves.
Technical Specifications
| Property | Value |
| Components | R32 / R125 / R134a |
| Molecular Weight | 86.2 g/mol |
| Boiling Point (at 1 atm) | -43.8 °C (-46.8 °F) |
| Critical Temperature | 86.0 °C (186.8 °F) |
| Critical Pressure | 46.3 bar (671.5 psia) |
| Liquid Density (at 25°C) | 1134 kg/m³ |
| Vapor Pressure (at 25°C) | 11.7 bar (169.7 psia) |
| Safety Group | A1 |
Typical Applications
- Residential & Commercial AC: Split systems, rooftop units, and central air conditioning.
- Chillers: Positive displacement chillers for industrial and commercial use.
- Heat Pumps: Air-to-water heat pumps and industrial process heating.